Self Trade Prevention (STP) FAQ
Disclaimer:
- The commissions and prices used here are fictional and do not imply anything about the actual setup on the live exchange.
What is Self Trade Prevention?
Self Trade Prevention (or STP) prevents orders of users, or the user's tradeGroupId
to match against their own.
What defines a self-trade?
A self-trade can occur in either scenario:
- The order traded against the same account.
- The order traded against an account with the same
tradeGroupId
.
What happens when STP is triggered?
There are five possible modes for what the system does when an order would create a self-trade.
NONE
- This mode exempts the order from self-trade prevention. Accounts or Trade group IDs will not be compared, no orders will be expired, and the trade will occur.
EXPIRE_TAKER
- This mode prevents a trade by immediately expiring the taker order's remaining quantity.
EXPIRE_MAKER
- This mode prevents a trade by immediately expiring the potential maker order's remaining quantity.
EXPIRE_BOTH
- This mode prevents a trade by immediately expiring both the taker and the potential maker orders' remaining quantities.
DECREMENT
- This mode increases the prevented quantity
of both orders by the amount of the prevented match. The smaller of the two orders will expire, or both if they have the same quantity.
The STP event will occur depending on the STP mode of the taker order.
Thus, the STP mode of an order that goes on the book is no longer relevant and will be ignored for all future order processing.
What is a Trade Group Id?
Different accounts with the same tradeGroupId
are considered part of the same "trade group". Orders submitted by members of a trade group are eligible for STP according to the taker-order's STP mode.
A user can confirm if their accounts are under the same tradeGroupId
from the API either from GET /api/v3/account
(REST API) or account.status
(WebSocket API) for each account.
The field is also present in the response for GET /api/v3/preventedMatches
(REST API) or myPreventedMatches
(WebSocket API).
If the value is -1
, then the tradeGroupId
has not been set for that account, so the STP may only take place between orders of the same account.
What is a Prevented Match?
When a self-trade is prevented, a prevented match is created. The orders in the prevented match have their prevented quantities increased and one or more orders expire.
This is not to be confused with a trade, as no orders will match.
This is a record of what orders could have self-traded.
This can be queried through the endpoint GET /api/v3/preventedMatches
on the REST API or myPreventedMatches
on the WebSocket API.
This is a sample of the output request for reference:
[
{
"symbol": "BTCDUSDT", //Symbol of the orders
"preventedMatchId": 8, //Identifies the prevented match of the expired order(s) for the symbol.
"takerOrderId": 12, //Order Id of the Taker Order
"makerOrderId": 10, //Order Id of the Maker Order
"tradeGroupId": 1, //Identifies the Trade Group Id. (If the account is not part of a trade group, this will be -1.)
"selfTradePreventionMode": "EXPIRE_BOTH", //STP mode that expired the order(s).
"price": "50.00000000", //Price at which the match occurred.
"takerPreventedQuantity": "1.00000000", //Taker's remaining quantity before the STP. Only appears if the STP mode is EXPIRE_TAKER, EXPIRE_BOTH or DECREMENT.
"makerPreventedQuantity": "10.00000000", //Maker's remaining quantity before the STP. Only appears if the STP mode is EXPIRE_MAKER, EXPIRE_BOTH, or DECREMENT.
"transactTime": 1663190634060 //Time the order(s) expired due to STP.
}
]
What is "prevented quantity?"
STP events expire quantity from open orders. The STP modes EXPIRE_TAKER
, EXPIRE_MAKER
, and EXPIRE_BOTH
expire all remaining quantity on the affected orders, resulting in the entire open order being expired.
Prevented quantity is the amount of quantity that is expired due to STP events for a particular order. User stream execution reports for orders involved in STP may have these fields:
{
"A":"3.000000", // Prevented Quantity
"B":"3.000000" // Last Prevented Quantity
}
B
is present for execution type TRADE_PREVENTION
, and is the quantity expired due to that individual STP event.
A
is the cumulative quantity expired due to STP over the lifetime of the order. For EXPIRE_TAKER
, EXPIRE_MAKER
, and EXPIRE_BOTH
modes this will always be the same value as B
.
API responses for orders which expired due to STP will also have a preventedQuantity
field, indicating the cumulative quantity expired due to STP over the lifetime of the order.
While an order is open, the following equation holds true:
original order quantity - executed quantity - prevented quantity = quantity available for further execution
When an order's available quantity goes to zero, the order will be removed from the order book and the status will be one of EXPIRED_IN_MATCH
, FILLED
, or EXPIRED
.
How do I know which symbol uses STP?
Symbols may be configured to allow different sets of STP modes and take different default STP modes.
defaultSelfTradePreventionMode
- Orders will use this STP mode if the user does not provide one on order placement.
allowedSelfTradePreventionModes
- Defines the allowed set of STP modes for order placement on that symbol.
For example, if a symbol has the following configuration:
"defaultSelfTradePreventionMode": "NONE",
"allowedSelfTradePreventionModes": [
"NONE",
"EXPIRE_TAKER",
"EXPIRE_BOTH"
]
Then that means if a user sends an order with no selfTradePreventionMode
provided, then the order sent will have the value of NONE
.
If a user wants to explicitly specify the mode they can pass the enum NONE
, EXPIRE_TAKER
, or EXPIRE_BOTH
.
If a user tries to specify EXPIRE_MAKER
for orders on this symbol, they will receive an error:
{
"code": -1013,
"msg": "This symbol does not allow the specified self-trade prevention mode."
}
How do I know if an order expired due to STP?
The order will have the status EXPIRED_IN_MATCH
.
STP Examples
For all these cases, assume that all orders for these examples are made on the same account.
Scenario A- A user sends a new order with selfTradePreventionMode:NONE
that will match with another order of theirs that is already on the book.
Maker Order: symbol=BTCUSDT side=BUY type=LIMIT quantity=1 price=1 selfTradePreventionMode=NONE
Taker Order: symbol=BTCUSDT side=SELL type=LIMIT quantity=1 price=1 selfTradePreventionMode=NONE
Result: No STP is triggered and the orders will match.
Order Status of the Maker Order
{
"symbol": "BTCUSDT",
"orderId": 2,
"orderListId": -1,
"clientOrderId": "FaDk4LPRxastaICEFE9YTf",
"price": "1.000000",
"origQty": "1.000000",
"executedQty": "1.000000",
"cummulativeQuoteQty": "1.000000",
"status": "FILLED",
"timeInForce": "GTC",
"type": "LIMIT",
"side": "BUY",
"stopPrice": "0.000000",
"icebergQty": "0.000000",
"time": 1670217090310,
"updateTime": 1670217090330,
"isWorking": true,
"workingTime": 1670217090310,
"origQuoteOrderQty": "0.000000",
"selfTradePreventionMode": "NONE"
}
Order Status of the Taker Order
{
"symbol": "BTCUSDT",
"orderId": 3,
"orderListId": -1,
"clientOrderId": "Ay48Vtpghnsvy6w8RPQEde",
"transactTime": 1670207731263,
"price": "1.000000",
"origQty": "1.000000",
"executedQty": "1.000000",
"cummulativeQuoteQty": "1.000000",
"status": "FILLED",
"timeInForce": "GTC",
"type": "LIMIT",
"side": "SELL",
"workingTime": 1670207731263,
"fills": [
{
"price": "1.000000",
"qty": "1.000000",
"commission": "0.000000",
"commissionAsset": "USDT",
"tradeId": 1
}
],
"selfTradePreventionMode": "NONE"
}
Scenario B- A user sends an order with EXPIRE_MAKER
that would match with their orders that are already on the book.
Maker Order 1: symbol=BTCUSDT side=BUY type=LIMIT quantity=1.2 price=1.2 selfTradePreventionMode=NONE
Maker Order 2: symbol=BTCUSDT side=BUY type=LIMIT quantity=1.3 price=1.1 selfTradePreventionMode=NONE
Maker Order 3: symbol=BTCUSDT side=BUY type=LIMIT quantity=8.1 price=1 selfTradePreventionMode=NONE
Taker Order 1: symbol=BTCUSDT side=SELL type=LIMIT quantity=3 price=1 selfTradePreventionMode=EXPIRE_MAKER
Result: The orders that were on the book will expire due to STP, and the taker order will go on the book.
Maker Order 1
{
"symbol": "BTCUSDT",
"orderId": 2,
"orderListId": -1,
"clientOrderId": "wpNzhSclc16pV8g5THIOR3",
"price": "1.200000",
"origQty": "1.200000",
"executedQty": "0.000000",
"cummulativeQuoteQty": "0.000000",
"status": "EXPIRED_IN_MATCH",
"timeInForce": "GTC",
"type": "LIMIT",
"side": "BUY",
"stopPrice": "0.000000",
"icebergQty": "0.000000",
"time": 1670217957437,
"updateTime": 1670217957498,
"isWorking": true,
"workingTime": 1670217957437,
"origQuoteOrderQty": "0.000000",
"selfTradePreventionMode": "NONE",
"preventedMatchId": 0,
"preventedQuantity": "1.200000"
}
Maker Order 2
{
"symbol": "BTCUSDT",
"orderId": 3,
"orderListId": -1,
"clientOrderId": "ZT9emqia99V7x8B6FW0pFF",
"price": "1.100000",
"origQty": "1.300000",
"executedQty": "0.000000",
"cummulativeQuoteQty": "0.000000",
"status": "EXPIRED_IN_MATCH",
"timeInForce": "GTC",
"type": "LIMIT",
"side": "BUY",
"stopPrice": "0.000000",
"icebergQty": "0.000000",
"time": 1670217957458,
"updateTime": 1670217957498,
"isWorking": true,
"workingTime": 1670217957458,
"origQuoteOrderQty": "0.000000",
"selfTradePreventionMode": "NONE",
"preventedMatchId": 1,
"preventedQuantity": "1.300000"
}
Maker Order 3
{
"symbol": "BTCUSDT",
"orderId": 4,
"orderListId": -1,
"clientOrderId": "8QZ3taGcU4gND59TxHAcR0",
"price": "1.000000",
"origQty": "8.100000",
"executedQty": "0.000000",
"cummulativeQuoteQty": "0.000000",
"status": "EXPIRED_IN_MATCH",
"timeInForce": "GTC",
"type": "LIMIT",
"side": "BUY",
"stopPrice": "0.000000",
"icebergQty": "0.000000",
"time": 1670217957478,
"updateTime": 1670217957498,
"isWorking": true,
"workingTime": 1670217957478,
"origQuoteOrderQty": "0.000000",
"selfTradePreventionMode": "NONE",
"preventedMatchId": 2,
"preventedQuantity": "8.100000"
}
Output of the Taker Order
{
"symbol": "BTCUSDT",
"orderId": 5,
"orderListId": -1,
"clientOrderId": "WRzbhp257NhZsIJW4y2Nri",
"transactTime": 1670217957498,
"price": "1.000000",
"origQty": "3.000000",
"executedQty": "0.000000",
"cummulativeQuoteQty": "0.000000",
"status": "NEW",
"timeInForce": "GTC",
"type": "LIMIT",
"side": "SELL",
"workingTime": 1670217957498,
"fills": [],
"preventedMatches": [
{
"preventedMatchId": 0,
"makerOrderId": 2,
"price": "1.200000",
"makerPreventedQuantity": "1.200000"
},
{
"preventedMatchId": 1,
"makerOrderId": 3,
"price": "1.100000",
"makerPreventedQuantity": "1.300000"
},
{
"preventedMatchId": 2,
"makerOrderId": 4,
"price": "1.000000",
"makerPreventedQuantity": "8.100000"
}
],
"selfTradePreventionMode": "EXPIRE_MAKER"
}
Scenario C - A user sends an order with EXPIRE_TAKER
that would match with their orders already on the book.
Maker Order 1: symbol=BTCUSDT side=BUY type=LIMIT quantity=1.2 price=1.2 selfTradePreventionMode=NONE
Maker Order 2: symbol=BTCUSDT side=BUY type=LIMIT quantity=1.3 price=1.1 selfTradePreventionMode=NONE
Maker Order 3: symbol=BTCUSDT side=BUY type=LIMIT quantity=8.1 price=1 selfTradePreventionMode=NONE
Taker Order 1: symbol=BTCUSDT side=SELL type=LIMIT quantity=3 price=1 selfTradePreventionMode=EXPIRE_TAKER
Result: The orders already on the book will remain, while the taker order will expire.
Maker Order 1
{
"symbol": "BTCUSDT",
"orderId": 2,
"orderListId": -1,
"clientOrderId": "NpwW2t0L4AGQnCDeNjHIga",
"price": "1.200000",
"origQty": "1.200000",
"executedQty": "0.000000",
"cummulativeQuoteQty": "0.000000",
"status": "NEW",
"timeInForce": "GTC",
"type": "LIMIT",
"side": "BUY",
"stopPrice": "0.000000",
"icebergQty": "0.000000",
"time": 1670219811986,
"updateTime": 1670219811986,
"isWorking": true,
"workingTime": 1670219811986,
"origQuoteOrderQty": "0.000000",
"selfTradePreventionMode": "NONE"
}
Maker Order 2
{
"symbol": "BTCUSDT",
"orderId": 3,
"orderListId": -1,
"clientOrderId": "TSAmJqGWk4YTB2yA9p04UO",
"price": "1.100000",
"origQty": "1.300000",
"executedQty": "0.000000",
"cummulativeQuoteQty": "0.000000",
"status": "NEW",
"timeInForce": "GTC",
"type": "LIMIT",
"side": "BUY",
"stopPrice": "0.000000",
"icebergQty": "0.000000",
"time": 1670219812007,
"updateTime": 1670219812007,
"isWorking": true,
"workingTime": 1670219812007,
"origQuoteOrderQty": "0.000000",
"selfTradePreventionMode": "NONE"
}
Maker Order 3
{
"symbol": "BTCUSDT",
"orderId": 4,
"orderListId": -1,
"clientOrderId": "L6FmpCJJP6q4hCNv4MuZDG",
"price": "1.000000",
"origQty": "8.100000",
"executedQty": "0.000000",
"cummulativeQuoteQty": "0.000000",
"status": "NEW",
"timeInForce": "GTC",
"type": "LIMIT",
"side": "BUY",
"stopPrice": "0.000000",
"icebergQty": "0.000000",
"time": 1670219812026,
"updateTime": 1670219812026,
"isWorking": true,
"workingTime": 1670219812026,
"origQuoteOrderQty": "0.000000",
"selfTradePreventionMode": "NONE"
}
Output of the Taker order
{
"symbol": "BTCUSDT",
"orderId": 5,
"orderListId": -1,
"clientOrderId": "kocvDAi4GNN2y1l1Ojg1Ri",
"price": "1.000000",
"origQty": "3.000000",
"executedQty": "0.000000",
"cummulativeQuoteQty": "0.000000",
"status": "EXPIRED_IN_MATCH",
"timeInForce": "GTC",
"type": "LIMIT",
"side": "SELL",
"stopPrice": "0.000000",
"icebergQty": "0.000000",
"time": 1670219812046,
"updateTime": 1670219812046,
"isWorking": true,
"workingTime": 1670219812046,
"origQuoteOrderQty": "0.000000",
"selfTradePreventionMode": "EXPIRE_TAKER",
"preventedMatchId": 0,
"preventedQuantity": "3.000000"
}
Scenario D- A user has an order on the book, and then sends an order with EXPIRE_BOTH
that would match with the existing order.
Maker Order: symbol=BTCUSDT side=BUY type=LIMIT quantity=1 price=1 selfTradePreventionMode=NONE
Taker Order: symbol=BTCUSDT side=SELL type=LIMIT quantity=3 price=1 selfTradePreventionMode=EXPIRE_BOTH
Result: Both orders will expire.
Maker Order
{
"symbol": "BTCUSDT",
"orderId": 2,
"orderListId": -1,
"clientOrderId": "2JPC8xjpLq6Q0665uYWAcs",
"price": "1.000000",
"origQty": "1.000000",
"executedQty": "0.000000",
"cummulativeQuoteQty": "0.000000",
"status": "EXPIRED_IN_MATCH",
"timeInForce": "GTC",
"type": "LIMIT",
"side": "BUY",
"stopPrice": "0.000000",
"icebergQty": "0.000000",
"time": 1673842412831,
"updateTime": 1673842413170,
"isWorking": true,
"workingTime": 1673842412831,
"origQuoteOrderQty": "0.000000",
"selfTradePreventionMode": "NONE",
"preventedMatchId": 0,
"preventedQuantity": "1.000000"
}
Taker Order
{
"symbol": "BTCUSDT",
"orderId": 5,
"orderListId": -1,
"clientOrderId": "qMaz8yrOXk2iUIz74cFkiZ",
"transactTime": 1673842413170,
"price": "1.000000",
"origQty": "3.000000",
"executedQty": "0.000000",
"cummulativeQuoteQty": "0.000000",
"status": "EXPIRED_IN_MATCH",
"timeInForce": "GTC",
"type": "LIMIT",
"side": "SELL",
"workingTime": 1673842413170,
"fills": [],
"preventedMatches": [
{
"preventedMatchId": 0,
"makerOrderId": 2,
"price": "1.000000",
"takerPreventedQuantity": "3.000000",
"makerPreventedQuantity": "1.000000"
}
],
"selfTradePreventionMode": "EXPIRE_BOTH",
"tradeGroupId": 1,
"preventedQuantity": "3.000000"
}
Scenario E - A user has an order on the book with EXPIRE_MAKER
, and then sends a new order with EXPIRE_TAKER
which would match with the existing order.
Maker Order: symbol=BTCUSDT side=BUY type=LIMIT quantity=1 price=1 selfTradePreventionMode=EXPIRE_MAKER
Taker Order: symbol=BTCUSDT side=SELL type=LIMIT quantity=1 price=1 selfTradePreventionMode=EXPIRE_TAKER
Result: The taker order's STP mode will be used, so the taker order will be expired.
Maker Order
{
"symbol": "BTCUSDT",
"orderId": 0,
"orderListId": -1,
"clientOrderId": "jFUap8iFwwgqIpOfAL60GS",
"price": "1.000000",
"origQty": "1.000000",
"executedQty": "0.000000",
"cummulativeQuoteQty": "0.000000",
"status": "NEW",
"timeInForce": "GTC",
"type": "LIMIT",
"side": "BUY",
"stopPrice": "0.000000",
"icebergQty": "0.000000",
"time": 1670220769261,
"updateTime": 1670220769261,
"isWorking": true,
"workingTime": 1670220769261,
"origQuoteOrderQty": "0.000000",
"selfTradePreventionMode": "EXPIRE_MAKER"
}
Taker Order
{
"symbol": "BTCUSDT",
"orderId": 1,
"orderListId": -1,
"clientOrderId": "zxrvnNNm1RXC3rkPLUPrc1",
"transactTime": 1670220800315,
"price": "1.000000",
"origQty": "1.000000",
"executedQty": "0.000000",
"cummulativeQuoteQty": "0.000000",
"status": "EXPIRED_IN_MATCH",
"timeInForce": "GTC",
"type": "LIMIT",
"side": "SELL",
"workingTime": 1670220800315,
"fills": [],
"preventedMatches": [
{
"preventedMatchId": 0,
"makerOrderId": 0,
"price": "1.000000",
"takerPreventedQuantity": "1.000000"
}
],
"selfTradePreventionMode": "EXPIRE_TAKER",
"preventedQuantity": "1.000000"
}
Scenario F - A user sends a market order with EXPIRE_MAKER
which would match with an existing order.
Maker Order: symbol=BTCUSDT side=BUY type=LIMIT quantity=1 price=1 selfTradePreventionMode=NONE
Taker Order: symbol=BTCUSDT side=SELL type=MARKET quantity=1 selfTradePreventionMode=EXPIRE_MAKER
Result: The existing order expires with the status EXPIRED_IN_MATCH
, due to STP.
The new order also expires but with status EXPIRED
, due to low liquidity on the order book.
Maker Order
{
"symbol": "BTCUSDT",
"orderId": 2,
"orderListId": -1,
"clientOrderId": "7sgrQQInL69XDMQpiqMaG2",
"price": "1.000000",
"origQty": "1.000000",
"executedQty": "0.000000",
"cummulativeQuoteQty": "0.000000",
"status": "EXPIRED_IN_MATCH",
"timeInForce": "GTC",
"type": "LIMIT",
"side": "BUY",
"stopPrice": "0.000000",
"icebergQty": "0.000000",
"time": 1670222557456,
"updateTime": 1670222557478,
"isWorking": true,
"workingTime": 1670222557456,
"origQuoteOrderQty": "0.000000",
"selfTradePreventionMode": "NONE",
"preventedMatchId": 0,
"preventedQuantity": "1.000000"
}
Taker Order
{
"symbol": "BTCUSDT",
"orderId": 3,
"orderListId": -1,
"clientOrderId": "zqhsgGDEcdhxy2oza2Ljxd",
"transactTime": 1670222557478,
"price": "0.000000",
"origQty": "1.000000",
"executedQty": "0.000000",
"cummulativeQuoteQty": "0.000000",
"status": "EXPIRED",
"timeInForce": "GTC",
"type": "MARKET",
"side": "SELL",
"workingTime": 1670222557478,
"fills": [],
"preventedMatches": [
{
"preventedMatchId": 0,
"makerOrderId": 2,
"price": "1.000000",
"makerPreventedQuantity": "1.000000"
}
],
"selfTradePreventionMode": "EXPIRE_MAKER"
}
Scenario G- A user sends a limit order with DECREMENT
which would match with an existing order.
Maker Order: symbol=BTCUSDT side=BUY type=LIMIT quantity=6 price=2 selfTradePreventionMode=NONE
Taker Order: symbol=BTCUSDT side=SELL type=LIMIT quantity=2 price=2 selfTradePreventionMode=DECREMENT
Result: Both orders have a preventedQuantity of 2. Since this is the taker order’s full quantity, it expires due to STP.
Maker Order
{
"symbol": "BTCUSDT",
"orderId": 23,
"orderListId": -1,
"clientOrderId": "Kxb4RpsBhfQrkK2r2YO2Z9",
"price": "2.00000000",
"origQty": "6.00000000",
"executedQty": "0.00000000",
"cummulativeQuoteQty": "0.00000000",
"status": "NEW",
"timeInForce": "GTC",
"type": "LIMIT",
"side": "BUY",
"stopPrice": "0.00000000",
"icebergQty": "0.00000000",
"time": 1741682807892,
"updateTime": 1741682816376,
"isWorking": true,
"workingTime": 1741682807892,
"origQuoteOrderQty": "0.00000000",
"selfTradePreventionMode": "DECREMENT",
"preventedMatchId": 4,
"preventedQuantity": "2.00000000"
}
Taker Order
{
"symbol": "BTCUSDT",
"orderId": 24,
"orderListId": -1,
"clientOrderId": "dwf3qOzD7GM9ysDn9XG9AS",
"price": "2.00000000",
"origQty": "2.00000000",
"executedQty": "0.00000000",
"cummulativeQuoteQty": "0.00000000",
"status": "EXPIRED_IN_MATCH",
"timeInForce": "GTC",
"type": "LIMIT",
"side": "SELL",
"stopPrice": "0.00000000",
"icebergQty": "0.00000000",
"time": 1741682816376,
"updateTime": 1741682816376,
"isWorking": true,
"workingTime": 1741682816376,
"origQuoteOrderQty": "0.00000000",
"selfTradePreventionMode": "DECREMENT",
"preventedMatchId": 4,
"preventedQuantity": "2.00000000"
}